图书馆学情报学核心期刊网络引文著者的计量分析

以10种图书馆情报学核心期刊2002～2004年的载文情况为样本．对这3年来的网络引文的著者情况进行了调研、分析。包括著作所属单位、分布地区、以覆职祢、学历、年龄等，旨在更准确地研究图书情报界对网络学术信息的利用情况。     

PCR方法鉴别肉骨粉中的动物成份种类

为防范疯牛病传入我国,有必要鉴别肉骨粉中动物成份的种类。针对牛、羊、猪和鸡四种动物的特异性核苷酸序列,分别选用和设计了四对特异性引物,用试剂盒提取四种动物的肉骨粉或者处理过的肉组织中的DNA,然后进行PCR扩增,所扩增的目的片断大小分别为271bp、199bp、196bp、148bp,运用PCR技术建立了鉴定这四种动物源性成分的方法。结果分别扩增出四种动物的特异性条带,证明该PCR方法具有很高的特异性和敏感性,而且成本低廉,简便易行,因此可以作为鉴别肉骨粉种类的常规方法。     

Fusarium solani Upregulated Sesquiterpene Synthase Expression,Sesquiterpene Production and Allelopathic Activity in Piper betle L.

Activators of sesquiterpene synthase (STS) gene expression and sesquiterpene production in Piper betle L. were examined using quantitative real time PCR and gas chromatography mass spectrometry methods, and the allelopathic activity of untreated and Fusarium solani-treated betel extracts was tested on seed germination and on the shoot and root growth of Thai rice variety PSL2 (Oryza sativa cv. Phitsanulok 2) and three dominant paddy weeds (Eclipta prostrata, Echinochloa crus-galli and Chloris barbata). The results demonstrated that F. solani dramatically upregulated STS expression and productions of β-cubebene, β-caryophyllene and germacrene D sesquiterpene when compared with the untreated control, and that betel extracts had a greater inhibitory effect on weeds than on rice. The effects were more clearly detected on seed germination and root growth than on shoot growth, and they were found to be dose-dependent. It is also noted that F. solani-treated extract had stronger effects than the untreated extract. The species most sensitive to the allelopathic effects was C. barbata, germination of which was completely inhibited even at a dose of 0.1 mg/mL untreated extract. With regards to rice, although betel extract at 1.0 mg/mL showed no inhibition on germination, it affected the elongation of rice roots, in addition to those of the tested weeds. The obtained data suggested that F. solani has potential as an activator of sesquiterpene allelochemical production via STS expression, the latter leading to the treated betel extract having a stronger phytotoxic effect. These results were beneficial in the promotion of natural herbicide production using biotechnology.     

《林业科学》1997～2001年论文及作者统计分析

该文用文献计量学的原理与方法,以《林业科学》1997-2001年5年间发表的论文及作者作为统计对象,分别就发文量、论文选题、作者的合作废和合著率、作者系统及地区分布、多产作者与多产单位及作者增复量等方面进行了统计分析,从一个侧面反映了我国林业科学研究的一些规律。     

汉英姓名的异同与翻译

姓名是人类社会特有的文化现象,具有鲜明的民族性、时代性、社会性和历史性。对不同民族姓名的研究有助于我们加深对本民族及其他民族的认识和了解。汉语姓名英译,应以汉语拼音方案拼写译注中国人姓名为准,废止威妥玛式拼音;英语姓名汉译宜采用音译法,适当保留西方人创立的一些中国古代哲人的英译名,在英译汉语姓名里的字、号时,可酌情加注释。     

生态学文献作者分布及其增长规律研究

学科研究人员数量是学科发展的重要指标,学科文献作者数量的分布及其增长规律反映了学科人员数量的变化。文章采用扩散系数和平均拥挤度两个指标,分析了生态学文献作者的分布特点;并根据指数曲线模型时间常量的计量学特点进行了生态学及其分支学科的文献作者增长规律分析。结论是,生态学文献作者按各分支学科分布具有聚集特性;平均拥挤度从1998年后明显逐年增加;15个分支学科文献作者人次符合指数增长规律;所得模型的时间常量与实际增长率没有差别。